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easy to operate and maintain. This method is suitable for the equipment manufactured and sup-plied in China. In comparison with sublevel cav-ing method without sill pillar, sublevel caving method with sill pillar brings better ventilation thankstothecrossairflow.However,thecomplex bottom structure, which accounts for …
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2.2 Sublevel Caving Mining Method. Sublevel caving is one of the most advanced mining methods. This method is usually undertaken when mining the ore body through an open pit is no longer economically viable. In sublevel caving, mining starts at the top of the ore body and develops downwards.
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Non-pillar sublevel caving is beginning to use large structural parameters in China. Appropriate structural parameters can effectively control the loss and dilution of stope and improve ore ...
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The gently inclined medium-thick orebody is generally viewed as difficult to extract. This paper presents a sublevel open stoping using long-hole with back filling method, particularly for inclined medium-thick orebodies. This method not only changes the temporal sequence of ore stoping and realizes transportation using gravity and …
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Design of a new layout for sublevel caving at depth C Quinteiro Luossavaara-Kiirunavaara Aktiebolag (LKAB), Sweden Abstract LKAB has been mining iron ore with the sublevel caving mining method in northern Sweden for more than 60 years. Throughout the years, LKAB has improved this mining method to stay competitive in a tough …
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Much of the theory upon which the Sublevel Caving (SLC) method is based was developed in Scandinavia many years ago. It was based mainly on bin' theory and ellipsoid of draw' configurations derived from sandbox models. In many cases, classical SLC layouts influenced by these early theories obtained relatively poor results. Early dilution entry, …
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For example, in Figure 6 shows a diagonal depillaring pattern, where in bottom right pillar the extraction is under process, during removal of material in an underground opening, the stress around ...
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Non-pillar sublevel caving is a widely used mining method which is based on the utilization of gravity to generate a flow of blasted ore and caved rock waste (Brady and Brown 2006; Villegas et al. 2011; Svartsjaern et al. 2016; Svartsjaern 2019; Xia et al. 2019). That is, the ore is fragmented by detonating blasts in holes drilled upwards in ...
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Other articles where sublevel caving is discussed: mining: Sublevel caving: This method owes the first part of its name to the fact that work is carried out on many intermediate levels (that is, sublevels) between the main levels. The second half of the name derives from the caving of the hanging wall and…
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For the stope structure parameters of sublevel caving mining, it mainly includes three important indexes: sublevel height, route spacing and caving step distance, which have …
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LKAB has been mining iron ore with the sublevel caving mining method in northern Sweden for more than 60 years. Throughout the years, LKAB has improved this mining …
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The layout of ore blocks and extracting technology are generally similar to that of sublevel caving method with sill pillar and external force of drilling blasting is required for caving. The method belongs to one-step mining, which is characterized by caving at one time in the whole stage height without sublevels.
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In particular, the fault surface of the sublevel caving method without the sill pillar reflects the drastic change in the shear stress with the larger displacement, and the instability brought to ...
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Abstract: Non-pillar sublevel caving is beginning to use large structural parameters in China. Ap-propriate structural parameters can effectively control the loss and dilution of …
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The literature discusses a number of theoretical, small, and full scale experimental programs, which have aimed at identifying parameters influencing sublevel …
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Journal of China University of Mining & Technology Vol.17 No.2 J China Univ Mining & Technol 2007, 17(2): 0295- 0300 Numerical Simulation of Independent Advance of Ore Breaking in the Non-pillar Sublevel Caving Method ZHOU Chuan-bo1, YAO Ying-kang1, GUO Liao-wu2, YIN Xiao-peng2, FAN Xiao-feng1, SHANG Ying1 1Engineering …
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1.. IntroductionSublevel caving (SLC) is a mass mining method based upon the utilisation of gravity flow of blasted ore and caved waste rock [1].The method functions on the principle that ore is fragmented by blasting, while the overlying host rock fractures and caves under the action of mine-induced stresses and gravity [2].The caved waste …
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Mining - Blasthole Stoping, Ore Extraction, Drilling: When the dip of a deposit is steep (greater than about 55°), ore and waste strong, ore boundaries regular, and the deposit relatively thick, a system called blasthole stoping is used. A drift is driven along the bottom of the ore body, and this is eventually enlarged into the shape of a trough. At …
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that of sublevel caving method with sill pillar and external force of drilling blasting is required ... forced caving of continuous extracting, without obvious ore block structure. In general, vertical deep hole extrusion blasting is used for caving, and the bottom structure is commonly set at the lower part of the stope. In Russia, the end ore ...
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instability brought to the fault by the sublevel caving method without the sill pillar is greater than that brought to the fault by the lower layer filling method under the premise of only changing the height of the sublevel. Keywords: coordinated mining; fault dynamic response; lower -layer filling method; mining impact; sublevel caving ...
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Big parameter and multi-subsection of sublevel caving method without sill pillow in the base of undiluted ore drawing
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Block caving is an extreme case of sublevel caving in which instead of a back of ore 5 to 10 ft. thick, one 50 ft. thick is undermined and allowed to cave. The method is illustrated in Fig. 7. After the bottom of the block, or panel, is cut up into pillars by drift's and cross drifts, the pillars are robbed, and then the remaining stumps are ...
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The characteristics of the non-pillar sublevel caving method are that it carries out medium and deep hole drilling and muck ore in the mining roadway without …
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Zhou et al. (2007) conducted numerical simulations and physical model validations on the independent advance of ore breaking using the non-pillar sublevel caving method, and they discussed the mechanism of stress generation and propagation by detonation loading using five separate independent-advance ore breaking patterns.
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Room-and-pillar mining method has a low recovery rate (a larg e per c e n t a ge of ore re ma i ns in place underground ). In many room and pillar mines, the pillars are tak en out startin g at t ...
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1200-2 working face is mined by comprehensive mechanized top coal caving method and adopts strike longwall roadway layout. The 1200-2 fully mechanized top coal caving working face is located in ...
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This study optimized the sublevel height, production drift spacing, and drawing space for sublevel caving without a sill pillar in Chengchao Iron Mine. The optimal parameters …
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Learn about the design and operating principles of sublevel caving (SLC), a mining method for low grade near-vertical deposits. See examples, diagrams, and videos of SLC …
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Surface subsidence is a geological hazard resulting from sublevel caving (Chen et al. 2016). Sublevel caving is a mass mining method based on utilizing the gravity flow of the blasted ore and caved waste rock. Sublevel caving without sill pillars is the main mining method used in underground metal mines in China (Li et al. 2006). …
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Longwall Longwall in coal Longwall in Hard Rock Sublevel Caving Characteristics of the ore body and mining method Development Production Equipments Used Block Caving Introduction Historical ...
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Broken rock mass and unreasonable stope structure parameters can cause excessive ore loss and dilution in sublevel caving; this is the main problem faced by caving mining in recent years. This paper proposes a stope structure parameter optimization method suitable for steeply inclined medium-thick broken ore bodies and evaluates the reliability …
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The design and feasibility analysis of the Sublevel Caving by Pillar Extraction mining method are described. It is a conceptual mining method devised toward the objective of improving mining techniques for extraction of deep coal occurring in seams of thicknesses greater than 12 feet.
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sublevel caving and granular flow in a production context. 1.3 Scope of the report The report discusses in brief the different aspects of sublevel caving mines. The focus is to describe the characteristics and origin of different draw control methods. The scopes of the report are: 1. To discuss the basic principles of Sublevel caving;
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Because the structural parameters of the sublevel caving mining method can directly affect the ore recovery ratio and recovery efficiency, and then affect the overall technical ... parameters of sublevel caving without a sill pillar is that "the morphology of the caving body should be consistent with that of the drawn-out ore body". Jin et ...
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With the gradual mat urity of pillarless sublevel caving method, it has been. ... H. W. Deng, Stope parameter optimization of sublevel caving without sill pillar in Xiadian gold mine. Mining ...
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Method Tonnes / Avg. Tonnes / Relative Mining Manshift Day Milled Cost/Tonne Resuing 0.20 - 0.50 50 - 100 + 70+ Shrinkage 20 - 28 200 - 800 20 - 50 Cut and fill 12 - 48 500 - 1500 20 - 70 Room and Pillar 15 - 150 1500 – 10 000 7 - 20 Open stoping 20 - 115 1500 – 25 000 7- 25 . Sub-Level Caving
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