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the magnitude of the magnetic field B. In Fig. 5.2(a), B is larger around region ii than in region i . (iv) The magnetic field lines do not intersect, for if they did, the direction of the magnetic field would not be unique at the point of intersection. One can plot the magnetic field lines in a variety of ways. One way is to place a
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Ferromagnets. Only certain materials (e.g., iron, cobalt, nickel, and gadolinium) exhibit strong magnetic effects. These materials are called ferromagnetic, after the Latin word ferrum (iron). A group of materials made from the alloys of the rare earth elements are also used as strong and permanent magnets (neodymium is a common one).
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A magnetic field always induces a magnetic dipole in an atom. This induced dipole points opposite to the applied field, so its magnetic field is also directed opposite to the applied field. In paramagnetic and ferromagnetic materials, the induced magnetic dipole is masked by much stronger permanent magnetic dipoles of the atoms. ...
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Permeability ((mu), H/m) quantifies the effect of matter in determining the magnetic field in response to current. Permeability is addressed in Section 2.6. Conductivity ((sigma), S/m) quantifies the effect of matter in determining the flow of current in response to an electric field. Conductivity is addressed in Section 6.3.
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susceptibility we will not make distinction between magnetic field and magnetic induction. Note also that χ in Eq.(1) can be dependent on the applied magnetic field. In this case, we can define the magnetic susceptibility as follows M B χ ∂ = ∂. (2) The magnetization can be defined as E M B ∂ =− ∂, (3) where E is the total energy of ...
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Learn how a magnetic field exerts a force on a current-carrying conductor and how to calculate the magnitude and direction of this force. Explore the applications of this phenomenon in motors, generators, and other devices. Compare and contrast the effects of magnetic fields on conductors and insulators.
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A fundamental property of a static magnetic field is that, unlike an electrostatic field, it is not conservative. A conservative field is one that does the same amount of work on a particle moving between two different points regardless of the path chosen. Magnetic fields do not have such a property.
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The field-line description has some useful properties: Magnetic field lines never cross. Magnetic field lines naturally bunch together in regions where the magnetic field is the …
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The magnetic field both inside and outside the coaxial cable is determined by Ampère's law. Based on this magnetic field, we can use Equation ref{14.22} to calculate the energy density of the magnetic field. The magnetic energy is calculated by an integral of the magnetic energy density times the differential volume over the cylindrical shell.
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What is a Magnetic Field? Magnetic fields can be simply described as a field that extends through space, originating from a moving electric charge or from a magnetic dipole. ... The third iteration with both charges moving at the same time demonstrates the additive property of the magnetic field at that location. A …
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A magnetic dipole produces a magnetic field, and, as we will see in the next section, moving magnetic dipoles produce an electric field. Thus, electricity and magnetism are …
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The circular loop of Figure (PageIndex{1}) has a radius R, carries a current I, and lies in the xz-plane.What is the magnetic field due to the current at an arbitrary point P along the axis of the loop?. Figure (PageIndex{1}): Determining the magnetic field at point P along the axis of a current-carrying loop of wire.. We can use the Biot-Savart law to find the …
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rewriting this gives the magnetic moment as [μ= 2.828 sqrt{chi_mT} B.M.] There are two main types of magnetic compounds, those that are diamagnetic (compounds that are repelled by a magnetic field) and …
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Magnetic fields can be pictorially represented by magnetic field lines, the properties of which are as follows: The field is tangent to the magnetic field line. Field strength is proportional to the line density. Field lines cannot cross. Field lines are continuous loops. 22.4: Magnetic Field Strength- Force on a Moving Charge in a …
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Learn about the basics of magnetism, magnetic field lines, magnetic flux, and the force on a moving charge in a magnetic field. See examples, applications, and formulas for …
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Diamagnetism: Diamagnetic material shows its magnetic properties only when placed in an external magnetic field B ext. In an external magnetic field, the material produces magnetic dipoles in the opposite direction to that of the external magnetic field. ... Torque τ on the iron bar if it is placed in the magnetic field of 0.80 T …
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The magnetic field of a wire was first discovered during an experiment by Hans Christian Oersted (1777-1851) of Denmark in 1820. This experiment consisted of running a current through a wire and placing a compass underneath it to see if there was any effect. The effect he found changed the world forever: he had discovered the …
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A magnetic field exerts a torque which orients dipoles with the field. Externally applied magnetic field is called the magnetic field strength, H (amperes/meter) Magnetic field …
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The properties of charged particles in magnetic fields are related to such different things as the Aurora Australis or Aurora Borealis and particle accelerators. Charged particles approaching magnetic field lines may get trapped in spiral orbits about the lines rather than crossing them, as seen above. Some cosmic rays, for example, follow the ...
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Magnetism is a subject that includes the properties of magnets, the effect of the magnetic force on moving charges and currents, and the creation of magnetic fields by currents. There are two types of magnetic poles, called the north magnetic pole and south magnetic pole.
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Learn how electric current produces a magnetic field and how to calculate its magnitude and direction using Ampere's law and the Biot-Savart law. Explore the force on a current-carrying wire in a magnetic field and the right hand rules for magnetic fields.
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Magnetism - Magnetic Fields, Forces, Materials: All matter exhibits magnetic properties when placed in an external magnetic field. Even substances like copper and aluminum that are not normally thought of as having magnetic properties are affected by the presence of a magnetic field such as that produced by either pole of a bar magnet. …
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A magnetic field is defined as: A region in which a magnetic pole experiences a force. Magnetic field around a bar magnet. The magnetic field is strongest at the poles. Therefore, the magnetic field lines are closer together at the ends of the magnets; The magnetic field becomes weaker as the distance from the magnet increases. Therefore, …
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Draw the magnetic field lines due to a current passing through a long solenoid. Use Ampere's circuital law, to obtain the expression for the magnetic field due to the current I in a long solenoid having n number of turns per unit length.
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The cathode is built into the center of an evacuated, lobed, circular chamber. A magnetic field parallel to the filament is imposed by a permanent magnet. The magnetic field causes the electrons, attracted to the (relatively) positive outer part of the chamber, to spiral outward in a circular path, a consequence of the Lorentz force.
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magnetic field: A condition in the space around a magnet or electric current in which there is a detectable magnetic force, and where two magnetic poles are present. frame of reference: A coordinate system or set of axes within which to measure the position, orientation, and other properties of objects in it.
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The presence of a magnetic field merely increases or decreases this potential difference once the particle has moved, and it is this change in the potential difference that we wish to determine. We can make the relationship between potential difference and the magnetic field explicit by substituting the right side of Equation ref{m0059_eFm ...
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(54) and (55), or in all regions where the magnetic field exists, as apparent from Eq. (57b), cannot be done within the framework of magnetostatics, and only the electrodynamics gives a decisive preference for the latter choice. For the practically important case of currents flowing in several thin wires, Eq. (54) may be first integrated over ...
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An atomic magnet placed in an external magnetic field will have an extra magnetic energy which depends on the component of its magnetic moment along the field direction. We know that begin{equation} label{Eq:II:34:28} U_{text{mag}}=-FLPmucdotFLPB.
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A convenient starting point for describing the spatial structure of any vector field is the Helmholtz theorem which states that if the divergence and curl of a vector field are known in a particular volume, as well as its normal component over the boundary of that volume, then the vector field is uniquely determined (e.g., Backus et al. 1996).When …
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1.12: Magnetic Properties. To predict the magnetic properties of atoms and molecules based on their electronic configurations. The magnetic moment of a system …
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Magnetic Field Created by a Long Straight Current-Carrying Wire: Right Hand Rule 2. Magnetic fields have both direction and magnitude. As noted before, one way to explore the direction of a magnetic field is with compasses, as shown for a long straight current-carrying wire in Figure (PageIndex{1}).
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Properties such as coercivity (H c) and magnetic anisotropy (which in the case of a uniaxial material can be characterized by, e.g. the uniaxial anisotropy field, H k) are affected by mechanical strain and crystal symmetry, which are clearly altered at a surface or an interface. When averaged over the entire volume of the film, these …
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If the magnetic field is constant than the magnetic flux passing through a surface (S) is where B – the magnitude of the magnetic field S – area of surface θ – angle between the magnetic field lines and perpendicular distance normal to the surface area Magnetic flux for a closed surface Magnetic flux for open surface Where
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That's why we call the loop a magnetic dipole. The word "dipole" is slightly misleading when applied to a magnetic field because there are no magnetic "poles" that correspond to electric charges. The magnetic "dipole field" is not produced by two "charges," but by an elementary current loop.
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Because the magnetic field lines must form closed loops, the field lines close the loop outside the solenoid. The magnetic field lines are much denser inside the solenoid than outside the solenoid. The resulting magnetic field looks very much like that of a bar magnet, as shown in Figure 20.15. The magnetic field strength deep inside a solenoid is
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